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Data Protection

Data protection and privacy legislation across African jurisdictions — rights, obligations, and enforcement.

Last updated: 1 June 2026

93instruments
12cases
49jurisdictions

Instruments

dz-const-privacyConstitution of the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, 2020, Article 47 (Privacy of correspondence and communications, and protection of personal data)
Algeria
dj-const-privacyConstitution of the Republic of Djibouti, 1992 (as amended), Inviolability of the secrecy of correspondence and communications, and freedom of expression
Djibouti
ss-const-privacyTransitional Constitution of the Republic of South Sudan, 2011, Articles 22 & 24 (Right to privacy and freedom of expression and media)
South Sudan
km-const-privacyConstitution of the Union of the Comoros, 2018, Article 27 (Confidentiality of correspondence, telecommunications and computer data) and freedom of expression
Comoros
bi-const-privacyConstitution of the Republic of Burundi, 2018, Articles 31 & 43 (Freedom of expression and right to privacy of correspondence and communications)
Burundi
sc-const-privacyConstitution of the Republic of Seychelles, 1993, Articles 20, 22 & 28 (Right to privacy, freedom of expression and access to official information)
Seychelles
so-const-privacyProvisional Constitution of the Federal Republic of Somalia, 2012, Article 19 (Freedom of expression including electronic media) and the right to privacy
Somalia
sc-ati-2018Access to Information Act, 2018 (Act No. 4 of 2018) (Seychelles)
Seychelles
et-const-privacyConstitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, 1995, Articles 26 & 29 (Right to privacy of communications and freedom of expression)
Ethiopia
ug-ati-2005The Access to Information Act, 2005 (Act No. 6 of 2005) (Uganda)
Uganda
ug-const-privacyConstitution of the Republic of Uganda, 1995, Article 27 (Right to privacy of person, home, correspondence and communication)
Uganda
tz-const-privacyConstitution of the United Republic of Tanzania, 1977, Articles 16 & 18 (Right to privacy of communications and freedom of expression/information)
Tanzania
tz-ati-2016The Access to Information Act, 2016 (Act No. 6 of 2016) (Tanzania)
Tanzania
mg-const-privacyConstitution of the Fourth Republic of Madagascar, 2010, Article 13 (Inviolability of the person, the home and secrecy of correspondence)
Madagascar
eg-const-privacyConstitution of the Arab Republic of Egypt, 2014, Article 57 (Inviolability of private life and confidentiality of communications)
Egypt
rw-const-privacyConstitution of the Republic of Rwanda of 2003 (revised in 2015), Article 23 (Privacy and confidentiality of correspondence and communication)
Rwanda
gh-const-privacyConstitution of the Republic of Ghana, 1992, Article 18(2) (Privacy of correspondence and communication)
Ghana
ke-const-privacyConstitution of Kenya, 2010, Article 31 (Right to Privacy, including privacy of communications)
Kenya
ke-ati-2016Access to Information Act, 2016 (No. 31 of 2016)
Kenya
ng-const-privacyConstitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, 1999, Section 37 (Right to Privacy, including correspondence and communications)
Nigeria
cv-const-digitalrightsConstituição da República de Cabo Verde, Artigo 45.º (Utilização de meios informáticos e protecção de dados pessoais) e Artigo 48.º (Liberdades de expressão e de informação) (Constitution of the Republic of Cabo Verde, constitutional protection of digital privacy/data and freedom of expression and information)
Cabo Verde
za-paia-2000Promotion of Access to Information Act 2 of 2000 (PAIA)
South Africa
za-const-privacyConstitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, Section 14 (Right to Privacy, including privacy of communications)
South Africa
eg-cyber-2018Anti-Cyber and Information Technology Crimes Law No. 175 of 2018
Egypt
rw-cyber-2018Law N° 60/2018 of 22/08/2018 on Prevention and Punishment of Cyber Crimes
Rwanda
ng-cyber-2015Cybercrimes (Prohibition, Prevention, Etc.) Act, 2015
Nigeria
za-cyber-2020Cybercrimes Act 19 of 2020
South Africa
gh-cyber-2020Cybersecurity Act, 2020 (Act 1038)
Ghana
ke-cyber-2018Computer Misuse and Cybercrimes Act, 2018 (No. 5 of 2018)
Kenya
ng-openbanking-2023Operational Guidelines for Open Banking in Nigeria
Nigeria
ng-openbankingframework-2021Regulatory Framework for Open Banking in Nigeria
Nigeria
ao-ai-2025Proposta de Lei sobre a Inteligência Artificial (Draft Law on Artificial Intelligence)
Angola
za-popia-regs-2018Regulations relating to the Protection of Personal Information, 2018 (POPIA Regulations) (South Africa)
South Africa
ci-decret-2015-79Décret n° 2015-79 du 4 février 2015 (declaration and authorisation procedures for personal data processing) (Côte d'Ivoire)
Côte d'Ivoire
zw-licensing-regs-2024Cyber and Data Protection (Licensing of Data Controllers and Appointment of Data Protection Officers) Regulations, 2024 (SI 155 of 2024) (Zimbabwe)
Zimbabwe
tn-decret-2007-3004Décret n° 2007-3004 du 27 novembre 2007 (conditions and procedures for declaration and authorisation) (Tunisia)
Tunisia
ug-dpp-regs-2021Data Protection and Privacy Regulations, 2021 (SI No. 21 of 2021) (Uganda)
Uganda
zm-reg-licensing-regs-2021Data Protection (Registration and Licensing) Regulations, 2021 (SI No. 58 of 2021) (Zambia)
Zambia
bj-digital-code-2018Loi N° 2017-20 du 20 avril 2018 portant Code du numérique (Digital Code of Benin)
Benin
mw-etcsa-2016Electronic Transactions and Cyber Security Act, 2016 (No. 33 of 2016) (Malawi)
Malawi
dz-law-25-11-2025Law No. 25-11 of 24 July 2025 amending Law No. 18-07 on Personal Data Protection (Algeria)
Algeria
ne-law-2023-31Law No. 2023-31 of 4 July 2023 amending Law No. 2022-59 on Personal Data Protection (Niger)
Niger
dj-digital-code-2025Loi portant Code du numérique (Digital Code) (Djibouti)
Djibouti
ls-dpa-2011Data Protection Act, 2011 (Act No. 5 of 2012) (Lesotho)
Lesotho
km-pdp-2021Loi relative à la protection des données à caractère personnel (Comoros Personal Data Protection Act 2021)
Comoros
gq-pdpl-2016Personal Data Protection Law No. 1/2016 of 22 July 2016 (Equatorial Guinea)
Equatorial Guinea
et-pdpp-2024Personal Data Protection Proclamation No. 1321/2024 (Ethiopia)
Ethiopia
st-pdp-2016Lei n.º 3/2016 and Decreto-Lei n.º 4/2017 on Personal Data Protection (São Tomé and Príncipe)
São Tomé and Príncipe
td-pdpl-2015Law No. 007/PR/2015 on the Protection of Personal Data (Chad)
Chad
so-dpa-2023Data Protection Act, 2023 (Law No. 005 of 2023) (Somalia)
Somalia
sc-dpa-2023Data Protection Act, 2023 (Seychelles)
Seychelles
cd-dc-2023Ordonnance-Loi n° 23/010 du 13 mars 2023 portant code du numérique (Decree-Law No. 23/010 of 13 March 2023 on the Digital Code)
Congo (DRC)
ga-dp-2011Loi n° 001/2011 du 25 septembre 2011 relative à la protection des données à caractère personnel (Law No. 001/2011 of 25 September 2011 on the Protection of Personal Data)
Gabon
cg-dp-2019Loi n° 29-2019 du 10 octobre 2019 portant protection des données à caractère personnel (Law No. 29-2019 of 10 October 2019 on the Protection of Personal Data)
Congo (Republic)
cm-cyber-2010Loi n° 2010/012 du 21 décembre 2010 relative à la cybersécurité et à la cybercriminalité (Law No. 2010/012 of 21 December 2010 on Cybersecurity and Cybercriminality)
Cameroon
cm-pdpa-2024Law No. 2024/017 of 23 December 2024 relating to Personal Data Protection
Cameroon
zm-dpa-2021Data Protection Act, 2021
Zambia
mz-pdpb-2025Personal Data Protection Bill
Mozambique
sz-dpa-2022Data Protection Act, 2022
Eswatini
zw-cdpa-2021Cyber and Data Protection Act [Chapter 12:07]
Zimbabwe
ma-dp-2009Loi n° 09-08 relative à la protection des personnes physiques à l’égard du traitement des données à caractère personnel (Law No. 09-08 on the Protection of Individuals with regard to the Processing of Personal Data)
Morocco
tn-dp-2004Loi organique n° 2004-63 du 27 juillet 2004 portant sur la protection des données à caractère personnel (Organic Law No. 2004-63 of 27 July 2004 on the Protection of Personal Data)
Tunisia
dz-dp-2018Loi n° 18-07 du 10 juin 2018 relative à la protection des personnes physiques dans le traitement des données à caractère personnel (Law No. 18-07 of 10 June 2018 on the Protection of Natural Persons in the Processing of Personal Data)
Algeria
ao-dp-2011Law 22/11 on the Protection of Personal Data
Angola
na-dpb-2025Data Protection Bill
Namibia
mw-dpa-2024Data Protection Act, 2024
Malawi
bw-dpa-2024Data Protection Act, 2024
Botswana
mg-dp-2014Loi n° 2014-038 sur la protection des données à caractère personnel
Madagascar
ug-dppa-2019Data Protection and Privacy Act 2019
Uganda
mu-dpa-2017Data Protection Act 2017
Mauritius
tz-pdpa-2022Personal Data Protection Act, 2022
Tanzania
tg-dp-2019Loi N° 2019-014 du 29 octobre 2019 relative à la protection des données à caractère personnel (Togo Personal Data Protection Act 2019)
Togo
sl-dp-draftData Protection and Right to Access Information Bill, 2025 (Sierra Leone)
Sierra Leone
sn-dp-2008Loi N° 2008-12 du 25 janvier 2008 portant sur la protection des données à caractère personnel (Senegal Personal Data Protection Act 2008)
Senegal
ne-dp-2022Loi N° 2022-59 du 16 décembre 2022 relative à la protection des données à caractère personnel (Niger Personal Data Protection Act 2022)
Niger
mr-dp-2017Loi N° 2017-020 du 22 juillet 2017 sur la protection des données à caractère personnel (Mauritania Personal Data Protection Act 2017)
Mauritania
ml-dp-2013Loi N° 2013-015 du 21 mai 2013 portant protection des données à caractère personnel en République du Mali (Mali Personal Data Protection Act 2013)
Mali
lr-dp-draftAn Act for the Collection, Processing, Transmission, Storage, Protection, and Use of Personal Information in Liberia (Draft Data Protection Bill)
Liberia
gn-csdp-2016Loi N° L/2016/037/AN du 28 juillet 2016 relative à la cybersécurité et à la protection des données à caractère personnel (Guinea Cybersecurity and Personal Data Protection Act 2016)
Guinea
gm-pdpp-2025Personal Data Protection and Privacy Act, 2025
Gambia
ci-dp-2013Loi N° 2013-450 du 19 juin 2013 relative à la protection des données à caractère personnel (Côte d'Ivoire Personal Data Protection Act 2013)
Côte d'Ivoire
cv-dp-2001Lei n.º 133/V/2001 de 22 de Janeiro relativa à protecção de dados pessoais (Cabo Verde Data Protection Act 2001, as amended)
Cabo Verde
bf-dp-2021Loi N° 001-2021/AN du 30 mars 2021 portant protection des personnes à l'égard du traitement des données à caractère personnel (Burkina Faso Personal Data Protection Act 2021)
Burkina Faso
bj-dp-2009Loi N° 2009-09 du 22 mai 2009 portant protection des données à caractère personnel (Benin Personal Data Protection Act 2009)
Benin
rw-dpl-2021Law N° 058/2021 of 13/10/2021 Relating to the Protection of Personal Data and Privacy
Rwanda
eg-pdpl-2020Personal Data Protection Law No. 151 of 2020
Egypt
eg-pdpl-er-2025Executive Regulations to the Personal Data Protection Law No. 151 of 2020 (Decree No. 816 of 2025)
Egypt
gh-dpa-2012Data Protection Act, 2012 (Act 843)
Ghana
za-popia-2013Protection of Personal Information Act 4 of 2013
South Africa
ke-dpa-2019Data Protection Act, 2019
Kenya
ke-dpgr-2021Data Protection (General) Regulations, 2021
Kenya
ng-ndpr-2019Nigeria Data Protection Regulation, 2019
Nigeria
ng-ndpa-2023Nigeria Data Protection Act, 2023
Nigeria
View all Data Protection instruments →

Cases

tz-pdpc-2025-mwesingwa-v-maliganyaza-ir-2023-dojtz-pdpc-2024-naumanga-v-mi-casaug-pdpo-2025-googletz-hc-2024-magoti-v-agng-ndpc-2024-fidelity-bankng-ca-2021-drli-v-nimcng-ccpt-2025-meta-v-fccpcke-odpc-2022-oppo-kenyake-odpc-2023-roma-schoolke-hc-2025-worldcoin-katibake-odpc-2023-mulla-pride

Topic guides

Data protection law across Africa: a comparative overviewAdemola Adekunbi · 2026-06-27How African data protection authorities are actually enforcing the lawAdemola Adekunbi · 2026-06-27The unfinished map: legislative trajectories in African data protection lawAdemola Adekunbi · 2026-06-27